Common causes
- An interrupted browser download, or a download manager that stitched parts together incorrectly
- A multi-volume archive (.part1.rar, .part2.rar or .7z.001, .7z.002) with one or more volumes missing or incomplete
- The archive was copied to a FAT32 USB drive, which silently cannot store files of 4 GB or more
- A backup or export process (cPanel, hosting panel, plugin) timed out or ran out of disk space while writing
- Email or chat services truncated or re-encoded a large attachment
How to fix it
- Verify the file size or hash. Compare the size with the source, or run certutil -hashfile file.zip SHA256 on Windows and compare with the published hash. A mismatch means the fix is a fresh download.
- Check that all volumes are present. For split archives, put every part in the same folder with identical base names and open only the first part (.part1.rar or .001). One missing or short volume causes this error.
- Download again with resume support. Use a browser or a tool like curl -C - -L -o file.zip URL that resumes cleanly, or download via SFTP from the server instead of over HTTP.
- Extract what is intact. In WinRAR, tick 'Keep broken files' in the Extract dialog. In 7-Zip, extracting still writes every complete file before the cut-off; only the last file is usually incomplete.
- Try WinRAR's Repair for RAR files. Tools > Repair archive works best on RAR archives that include a recovery record. It cannot recreate data that was never downloaded.
- Avoid FAT32 for large archives. If the archive is 4 GB or larger and came off a USB stick, check the drive's file system. Use NTFS or exFAT, or split the archive into smaller volumes.
Windows Command Prompt
certutil -hashfile website.zip SHA256
:: test the archive with 7-Zip without extracting
"C:\Program Files\7-Zip\7z.exe" t website.zip
:: extract what can be read
"C:\Program Files\7-Zip\7z.exe" x website.zip -oC:\x\out How to stop it happening again
- Add a recovery record when creating important RAR archives (WinRAR: Add > Add recovery record)
- Split large backups into volumes under 2 GB for transfer and store their checksums
- Test new archives immediately with 7z t or unzip -t before deleting the originals